Wednesday, February 9, 2011

Letter from China #5




P.S. I attached a picture of me at a school we visited last weekend.  The school was near the center of the earthquake.  1400 students were in the school and thankfully the building was sustained through the earthquake and all of them survived.  But you can see the crack in the wall.  The building had cracks in every wall, as though it had been picked up and dropped.  The building next to this one was originally at the same elevation.  During the earthquake, however, the entire building and the land under it rose up 2-3 meters.  The whole experience of being there and talking to people about their experiences was very unreal.  All of China responded to the earthquake and helped the people of Sichuan.  It was so touching to hear the stories of love and support, of communities reaching out to one another.  For those affected by the earthquake, I felt that their lives have been forever changed.  They are much more conscious of their neighbors, their family members, and how precious life is.

Letter from China #4

July 4, 2010

Dear Friends and Family,

My roommate at Sichuan University is Robert Thompson.  Robert has had an interesting life path and is currently a Protestant minister who works with the international community on and around Arizona State University.  Through his ministry and teaching part-time at ASU's AECP (American English and Culture Program), he has come to know many Chinese speakers and this has motivated him to take Chinese courses at ASU and now at Sichun University.  Robert has two children, two grandchildren.  He and his wife live in the East Valley.

Among my classmates, I've also befriended Collin and Chris, who are roommates and studying at the third year level.  Collin is LDS, an industrial engineering major at ASU, and served a Chinese speaking mission in California.  Chris is majoring in Chinese and will begin ASU's Chinese Flagship Program this fall.  The three of us also hang out with Stephanie Law, who will be a sophomore at ASU this coming fall.  Stephanie speaks some Cantonese and has family from Hong Kong.  She studies history and among other things is interested in writing an anthology about her family's connections to Hong Kong.

The four of us have watched some World Cup games together and get along really well.  Robert and I have had dinner together a few times and have found a lot to share with each other given that each of our interests in Asian culture and society intersect with our deeply rooted spiritual perspectives.  The same is true of Collin and Stephanie as well.  Collin, obviously being LDS and having served a mission among Chinese speaking peoples, and also Stephanie, who is very spiritually conscious and has a strong family history of Christian evangelism both in Hong Kong and the US.

As this program revives my formal study of Chinese, I have rediscovered the world of Chinese characters.  The script of our Western alphabet is not endowed with meaning as are Chinese characters.  While the sheer number of characters makes achieving fluency in reading and writing seem a nearly insurrmountable task to foreign and native learner alike, the meanings of radicals (symbols from which characters are composed) not only act as pnemonic devices for remembering how to write the characters but often tell stories, stories that reveal something about Chinese culture and society.  The character "an" found in the words "an-chuan" and "an-jing" meaning safety and tranquility is represented by a "home" radical resting above a "female" radical, suggesting that safety and tranquility are achieved when a female is present in the home.  I recently had trouble remembering how to write "yan-jiu" meaning research; "yan-jiu-sheng" also means graduate student.  I decided to dissect the meanings of the radicals in hopes of finding some pnemonic for remembering how to write the word.  I discovered that "yan" means to grind, as with a mortar and pestal, and is composed of the radicals "shi", meaning stone, and "kai", meaning to separate or open.  "Jiu" is composed of the radicals "kong", meaning a cave or deep hole, and "jiu", the number nine.  I was satisfied with the interpretation of "yan" as alchemy and chemistry are easily associated with research.  "Cave" and "nine" though had me confused until later that same evening, by sheer luck, happened to catch a five minute English lesson on CCTV explaining Chinese numerology behind the number nine.  In Chinese culture, the number five represents the center or the middle, as it falls in the middle of 1-9 or 0-10.  Eight symbolizes completeness or perfection.  And the number nine symbolizes abundance or great magnitude.  I don't know the true etymology of the character "jiu", but I have interpretted it to mean exploring deep into the unknown.

I have to admit, before coming to China on this program, my thirteen years of speaking poor Chinese had weakened my hopes that I could ever achieve proficiency in the language.  After a few short weeks, however, I am digging into the characters with new-found enthusiasm.  Immersion (or whatever this program offers) was just what I needed to bolster my confidence that I could master enough characters to have a base on which to build listening proficiency, conversational fluency and elementary reading and writing.  Not unlike my first six months in Korea, I think I will need a solid six months to a year in china, beyond the couple of years of preliminary classroom study I've already completed to really drill the basic characters, vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar forms into my memory.  When I began studying Korean, I was ignorant to both the possibilities and limitations of my potential ability.  In terms of the possibilities, I never imagined how far I would reach, even within a few short years, in terms of conversational fluency; on the other end of the spectrum, I never realized how much farther, possibly decades, I would have to study and practice if I ever wanted to approach the fluency of a native speaker.

I have been reminded recently of how universal this lesson is so many aspects of my life.  Spiritual progress, as well, can seem daunting, and my distance from the ideals of perfection that I aspire to so out of reach.  Hope, however, is not found neither in the achievement of those ideals nor my proximity to them, but rather in my progress toward them, regardless of where I am picking up from.  I have noticed how easily my outlook on life and satisfaction or frustration with myself can shift from day do day depending on my choices that day.  It is so easy to feel depressed and down after not having exercised or read my scriptures for just a day or two.  Likewise, it's amazing how quickly my spirits pick up after just one prayer, going out for a jog, cleaning the environment around me, taking a shower, listening to some uplifting music, or writing a heart-felt letter or journal entry.

Hot pot is one of china's signature dishes.  And Sichuan is famous for a spicier variety of the dish.  I dined at Chengdu's famous Kong Liang Huo Guo (huo guo = hot pot) restaurant last week and was treated to a meal I will never forget.  My friend, Sylvia, ordered a dozen small dishes, each containing a fresh vegetable, animal part, or tofu derivative.  The dishes were stacked in a small rack next to our table.  Dominating the center of the table was a large cauldron containing a deep red broth of oil and water, flavored with green onions, garlic, spicy peppers, and Sichuan's famed hwa jiao (which I endearingly refer to as "numbing balls" for the spicy-numbing sensation released when you bite into one).  I wasn't familiar with all of the animal parts, but Sylvia would point to various parts of her anatomy (throat, liver, kidney, etc.) and declare the name of farm animal: pig, cow, chicken.  At times I wasn't sure sure what part was coming from which animal, but the textures range from smooth and chewy esophagus and intestine, to soft and grainy organs, to slick and crunchy cartileges, each dish boiled one at a time in a deep red broth of spicy peppers, "numbing" berries, and oil.  Perhaps the most distinct and exotic dish to me was the pair of pigs brains, two fully intact, juicy pig brains, one for each of us.  Extracting the brains from the hot pot after simmering them for ten or fifteen minutes, I was surprised to see how much they had shrunk from their original size.  I now wonder what the effect of Arizona's heat is on the human brain, and whether this helps to explain the recent immigration law.  I don't want to make our meal sound more exotic than it was.  It was absolutely delicious and with one or two exceptions, not at all shocking or difficult to eat.  The vegetable, tofu, and noodle dishes were quite familiar and delicious, and we refreshed our palettes throughout the meal with swallows of walnut milk.  I have since enjoyed two more equally delightful hot pot meals as well as a number of other Sichuan specialties which I may detail in future updates.

Last Friday night (July 2) might be described as the ideal night.  My classmates and I met for dinner at a hotpot restaurant near campus and enjoyed a spicy feast of boiled vegetables and animal parts.  Afterwards a number of us walked to South Gate to enjoy a bao-bing (pronounced bow-bing, as in "take a bow").  Bao-bing is the Chinese equivalent of the Korean pat-bing-su, or the Japanese shaved ice with azuki beans, only it emphasizes the fruit toppings and sauces more than it does the red bean.  This dessert is the perfect complement to a spicy, oily, and savory hotpot.  Returning to campus, myself, Collin, and his roommate Chris, decided to find a place to watch the Brazil vs. Netherlands match.  One of our program's tutor-coordinator-friends, Zhang Can, learned that a nearby movie theather would be broadcasting the game in the theater, so the four of us walked over to the theater to meet Zhang Can's roommate and watch Brazil get upset by the Netherlands.  I came out of the game stunned, having believed for the last decade that team Brazil was more or less invincible.  After the game, the five of us walked back to campus, and stopping in front of Zhang Can's dorm, divided naturally into a couple of different groups and chatted for a while.  A couple of Zhang Can's friends happened to be returning to the dorm at the same time, and for the next ninety minutes or so, Zhang Can, her friend, and I dug deep into Chinese social psychology.  Albeit in English, this was probably the best conversation I have had since I arrrived in Chengdu.  I'll spare the details for now as I want to present the ideas more systematically in my next update; sufficeth to say, by time we parted ways at 2 AM, all three of us were a few steps closer to cultural enlightenment than we had ever been before.

I wish you a Happy Fourth of July and share my love from Chengdu.

My best,

Jacob

Letter from China #3

June 20, 2010

Dear Friends and Family,

This week has been a flurry of classes, introductions, shopping, and adjusting.
News from the material goods department has been mixed.  I set up a cell phone (15928935376, for those of you motivated or saavy enough to call abroad), bought a bike, had my bike stolen, resolved not to buy another bike, shopped over 30 shops to find shirts that fit, found no shirts that fit, resolved to continue searching for shirts that fit (or have them made).  Fortunately each shopping escapade was an exciting adventure, meaning that I focused less on the result and more on the experience.  I imagine if after two or three weeks I still cannot find shirts, I will start to get frustrated, but for the time being I'm enjoying the adventure.

In retrospect, the first indication I had of the commonplace and blatant nature of bike theft came as I was shopping around for a bike.  One back alley salesman said I couldn't test out a bike unless I was certain I would buy it because he didn't want break the lock off the back tire until he had to.  As for my stolen bike, yes I bought a dingy, used bike; and yes, I locked it up; and yes, I parked it next to a horde of similar looking bikes; and yes, it was still stolen only two days after purchasing it.  I have a sneaking suspicion, given that I bought it for about 25 USD out of a shed behind someone's house where the owner had stashed a dozen similar used bikes, that this might not have been the first time it was stolen.  I recounted the experience to one of my tutors who nonchallantly replied that after having two of her bikes stolen in one month she had resigned herself to taxis and walking on foot.  Given the frequency of bike theft on campus, I gather that most people think of their bicycle purchase as a rental fee for some undetermined period of time, rather than a long-term investment.  While I haven't ruled out buying another bike, I must admit a little extra walking wouldn't be bad for my health.

Counterpoint to my bittersweet bicycle adventure was my first experience with karaoke in China.  Yesterday when my tutor and her friend took a few of us to sing what turned out to be four hours of karaoke in the fanciest karaoke joint I have ever seen!  With six stories and nearly 100 rooms, this place was a literal palace.  Amenities included helicopter and disco lights, a digital control panel in the wall, a touchscreen panel mounted adjacent to three walls of spacious, plush couches, maracas, tambourines, a wide-screen television, a broad selection of Chinese and English classic and current pop songs, and all the fruit beverages you can drink.  Total cost for six people x four hours: 20 USD.  Of course, we went on a Saturday afternoon and finished before 6pm.  Evening prices can be considerably more expensive, upwards of $15-20 USD/hour, which if pricey by American standards is outrageous in China.  But if you've never sung karaoke in China, you might want to add that to your bucket list.  I sang the three or four Chinese songs I know but for the most part we switched back and forth between 80s classics (Michael Jackson, Richard Marx, Mariah Carey) and relatively recent pop (Brittney Spears, Lady Gaga, 50 cent).  Two or three Lady Gaga music videos was more than enough to motivate my recommitment to learning Chinese songs if for no other reason than that I would never again have to sing P-P-Poker Face.  That being said, last fall's movie, This Is It, opened my eyes to the magic that is Michael Jackson and yesterday's karaoke experience only strengthened my loyalty to the King of Pop.

I was equally happy to worship today and participate in my first virtual branch meeting.  It turns out there are three Mormon students among the 36 students in our program.  After sending out a few emails, we learned that Chengdu has a group (an informal unit smaller than a branch or ward) that meets every Sunday and Skypes into a weekly China-wide conference call hosted by another group in Beijing.  The meeting lasts two hours, from 10 to noon, and consists of a one hour sacrament meeting followed by one hour of Sunday School.  Talk and lesson assignments are emailed out in advance and speakers deliver their talks or lessons over the phone.  Roll call was called between the two meetings and groups checked in from Xiamen, Jinan, Chongqing, Hunan, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Chengdu, Beijing, and half a dozen other cities.  Some groups have upwards of 20 members, others as few as two or three.  In all, nearly 100 members must have been participating from all over the country.  Additionally, I am aware of larger branches in Beijing and Shanghai which do not call in but hold regular, face-to-face meetings. It was cool to see how expat church members worship in China and I look forward to interacting with this group for the next seven or eight weeks that I'm in Chengdu.

I've made some new friends this first week of class.  Our language program paired each student up, one-on-one, with an MA student studying Chinese Language Education.  In addition they assigned an MA student helper to each group of four students.  Most of these tutors and helpers live on the same campus as us have been incredibly generous with their time and patience.  One of my helpers, Robin, and her friend and neighbor since childhood, Lili, who is an anesthesiology student at the Sichuan University Medical Campus, took our group around to buy cell phones, to a park and historical district (think Insadong for those Koreanists out there), to karaoke, not to mention tirelessly answer our never-ending questions about the language.  In the past I have been critical of classroom foreign language pedagogy, and still am to a large degree; however, I have been impressed that the one-on-one tutoring component has the potential to greatly enhance (in my estimation, eclipse or outweigh) the classroom experience.  More importantly, I have been pleased to see the students and tutors move quickly beyond the formalities of their respective roles and become friends.  Beyond language learning, I think these cross-cultural friendships have the greatest educational potential and interpersonal meaning of anything we do during these few short weeks studying abroad.

My best,

Jacob

Letter from China #2

June 14, 2010

Dear Friends and Family,

After two days of site seeing in Shanghai I took a train to Chengdu.  And here I am, 41 hours later.  The train ride was awesome.  I met so many nice people, got to jump right back into the language, and had a chance to compare the urban glamour of Shanghai, Nanjing, Xi'an, and Chengdu with the rural communities in between.
From what I could observe from my window seat, the standard of rural living is significantly higher than that of North Korea.  I was conscious of power grids, cell phone towers, some mechanized agriculture and irrigation systems, paved roads (with vehicles on them), and countless construction projects both of housing and transportation.  If education, science, and medicine are the three primary ideals of egalitarian development, it will be the elevated expressways, credit and loans, and cell phones that physically transform the economy and improve people's lifestyles.

After spending one day at the Shanghai Expo, and the next plodding through rural Jiangsu and Henan, I was overwhelmed not by any absolute level of wealth in the city or absolute level of poverty in the countryside, but by the stark contrast between the two.  To keep perspective, I kept trying to imagine what China's farmers thought of the 2008 Olympics or 2010 World's Fair, or how the urbanites of Shanghai would feel living in rural Shanxi for a few weeks.

Many of the people I spoke with on the train, who were neither Shanghai elites nor rural farmers, but mostly residents of urban Chengdu who were returning home after a visit to Shanghai, felt that the Expo was a bit over the top.  Still the presence of construction projects and technology in the countryside is evidence that someone is trying to do something about narrowing that gap.  I was also humored by how often folks mentioned that the Expo specifically, and China generally, had too many people.  I can't count how many times I heard, "人太多了."   

I also couldn't resist comparing my train ride across China to my road trips across the US.  Before my first cross-country road trip, I couldn't understand who in America had re-elected George Bush.  Over the course of those trips, my eyes were opened to how different peoples' perspectives are in different areas.  How and where we grow up must affect how and what we think about our own culture (national, urban, religious, "racial" or "civilizational").  If visible contrasts in standard of living are any measure of differences in perspective, then the differences between folks in Shanghai and the central provinces must be like night and day.

Of course, here in Chengdu, I don't anticipate chatting it up with many rural farmers.  As cities go, Chengdu seems to have its fair share of hussle and bussle.  Even still, economically, Chengdu is a few notches down from Shanghai.  Sichuanese classmates at UW and fellow passengers on the train have told me that people in Chengdu enjoy a slower pace of life than the East Coast.  I only hope my Chinese can get up to par quickly enough for me to appreciate the insights and perspectives of those friends I have the pleasure of meeting during this summer's brief few months.

My best,

Jacob

Letter from China #1

June 12, 2010

Hi family,

Last night I arrived safely in Shanghai.  Today I bought my train ticket to Chengdu, spent most of the day at the Shanghai Expo.  I visited the DPRK and ROK pavillions along with a dozen others.  This evening I stepped to ask around for an Internet cafe and this guy invited me to use the computer in his shop.  Very nice of him.  Business and friendship convey such totally opposite emotions to me in China.  Businessmen will not give you a single inch.  Friends will give you everything.  As I've sat here typing on this guy's PC, his family has treated me to a dinner of fried dumplings and a cream sickle.

I will be on a train for the next three days and won't be able to email or call.  But I will shoot out an email when I arrive in Chengdu.  I hope you all are enjoying your summer.  I love you and will talk with you again soon.

Love,

Jacob

Scholarships for Graduate Studies in Korea

This is a rough primer for persons thinking about pursuing a graduate degree in Korea.


Q. What kinds of funding opportunities are available for foreigners studying in Korean graduate programs?

A. Many graduate programs in Korea offer anywhere from 50% to nearly 100% tuition waivers to native English speakers.  Below I have included a links to GSIS programs (Graduate School of International Studies).  When I attended Korea University, they offered similar scholarships for all academic graduate programs and some professional programs.  Imagine other universities will offer similar packages.

Yonsei's GSIS
http://www.niied.go.kr/

This last one is a Korea government scholarship available to international students pursuing graduate degrees in Korea and offers funding for an additional year of Korean language study, up front.  If you visit the English language version of the site and click on  (Revised)Application Guideline for 2011 KGSP_GRADUATE you can find information about the 2011 cycle.  It looks like the application deadline closes at the end of February 2011, so if you are interested, you might want to jump on this as soon as possible.

With this scholarship, you study Korean for one year, fully funded.  Assuming you achieve TOPIC Level 3 by the end of the year, you are funded for an additional two years if you applied to a masters program or an additional three years if you applied to a doctoral program.  TOPIK has six levels, with Level 6 being the most advanced.  For those familiar with the DLPT, I would guess that a 2/2/2 on the DLPT would be roughly equivalent to a 3-4 on the TOPIK.  Either way, a fully funded year of language study is not too shabby.

Incidentally, the TOPIK will be offered for the first time ever in Seattle this April 2011!  If you would like to sign up for it, contact the UW Center for Korea Studies at uwcks@uw.edu.


Q. What are some of the major universities in Korea?

A.  The Obviously Yonsei and KU are among the top schools in South Korea.  Some other highly ranked, high quality institutions in Seoul include Ewha Women's University, Sogang University, HUFS, Kyung Hee University, Hanyang University, and Sung Kyun Kwan University.  Outside of Seoul, the better universities tend to be national universities such as Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (KAIST), Chonnam National University in Gwangju, Kyungbuk National University in Taegu, and Jeju National University in Jeju.


Q. How do Korean universities structure their school year and which term should I enter?

A.The Korea in school year begins with the spring semester in late February or early March.  Admissions deadlines will probably be sometime mid-fall.  Many graduate programs in Korea admit every semester through "regular selection" at the beginning of the school year and "special selection" halfway through. This will be especially true of those that regularly admit international students.  Admissions deadlines for the fall quarter will probably be in February or March.  Back in 2004 I entered a graduate program during "special selection" in the fall term but didn't feel there was much of a difference beginning mid-year.


Q. What was your experience with Korean univerities?

Q. Are you aware of any funding opportunities for study in Korea?

Q. What additional questions do you have about studying in Korea?

Pictures of North Korea

The five months I spent in North Korea from September 2008 through February 2009 are unquestionably the most thought-provoking experience of my adult life.

Below is a link to an album of pictures taken during my trip there. I will upload more pictures and add captions as time permits.



I will write a lot about North Korea in this blog, as well as South Korea, Korean society in general, China, East-West comparisons, Asian America, American Asia, and all things cultural and social. There are many "Korea hands" out there, in government, industry, non-profits, churches, and the academy. This last year has given me an opportunity to reflect on the reasons why many foreigners become interested in Korea and why a subset of them, myself in particular, dedicate their life's work to the country.

I have come to understand that my commitment to Korea is an outgrowth of my mother's life-long fascination with Asia, my own experiences there as a young LDS missionary, and the countless relationships, connections and insights that I have since developed with Korea's people, culture, and society. Korea, once fascinating because it was exotic, is now comfortable because it is familiar. And the more familiar Korea becomes, the deeper the contrasts and comparisons I can draw between it and the world I was born into. I do not aspire to be a critic nor an apologist for either Korean or American society. Rather I aspire to better understand both of them and to promote mutual empathy and exchange between their respective peoples.

What brought you to Korea, or America, or this blog?

What do you wonder about and do you have a purpose vis-a-vis Korea?